VI Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2014

Nowadays, one of the least covered diseases of the mankind is a hernia, a bright example of this is the hernia of lumbar area. Lumbar hernias constitute about 2% of all hernias of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall. These hernias are congenital and acquired. Diagnostics of the congenital hernias is the most simple, because they are often combined with other anomalies of the development (agenesis of the testicles). The most difficult to diagnose is spontaneous hernia. To study the problem on the corpses of adults it is necessary to work out anatomical landmarks (indices) to determine the relationship between lumbar triangles and the type of body structure. Despite the availability of modern diagnostic methods (ultrasound and CAT scan), they cannot always be fulfilled and informative. Acquired lumbar hernias in 95% of cases go through the weak points of the lumbar area – trigonum lumbale inferius and trigonum lumbale superius. Upper lumbar triangle (trigonum lumbale superius), Lesgaft- Hrunfelt triangle can take different forms. Lower lumbar triangle (trigonum lumbale inferius), Petit triangle, is also polygonal. Nowadays poorly investigated issues are the issues of the anatomy of weak places of the lumbar area, the relationship between triangles and types of body structure and pelvis, sex and personality. Therefore, we need a comprehensive study of the anatomy of the lumbar area and its triangles in order to understand the anatomical preconditions of the formation of the acquired hernias. If the criteria of the individual anatomical variability and sexual characteristics of lumbar triangles and their relationship with lumbar hernia formation are proved, then the results will have direct application in the diagnostics of lumbar hernia and other diseases (abscesses, phlegmons), and knowledge of individual anatomical variability of lumbar triangles will allow to predict the formation of weaknesses with the possible release of hernia, depending on the type of body structure, pelvis, chest.