X Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2018

As future clinical psychologist I am keen on surrogacy problem. This problem is particularly acute for modern Russia. Still in the legislation of the Russian Federation all difficulties, features procedure and versions of the solution of the arising problems are not stated. I would like to cover the main aspects of the phenomenon of surrogacy in the essay.

This procedure is possible only at the following medical indications:

lack of a uterus;

the synechia of a cavity of a uterus which is not giving in to treatment;

various diseases of internals at which incubation of the child is contraindicated or it is impossible.

If the woman and the man possess healthy gametes, then they have the undoubted right to become parents of the (genetically native) child. What is the essence and the main problem procedure of surrogacy? To a chosen woman, who during necessary medical analyses and inspections is recognized healthy, the ECF method enters the impregnated ovum of these parents. After the delivery the child is given to genetic parents. At this stage main legal, ethical, psychological problems arise.

Surrogate mother is not biological mother of the child as in this situation she acts only as the carrier of the fetus. And it turns out that this woman has neither legal nor moral rights to the child. The phenomenon of surrogacy has in itself also many of psychological problems, first of all for the most surrogate mother. The woman who agrees to this procedure for any reasons has to realize and assume all responsibility for her execution and possible consequences.

The best and legally safe for both parts (parents and surrogate mother) will become the conclusion of the official contract in which all nuances and unforeseen circumstances which can arise throughout pregnancy and after the childbirth. For example, often surrogate mother refuse to transfer the child to genetic parents. Sometimes it happens so, that parents refuse to take the child as they don^’t feel him belong the family or because of congenital diseases of the kid.

Also the psychologist has to work at all three stages of procedure with both parts. From the psychological point of view I think it is wrong that surrogate mother and child contact after childbirth and further friendship between these families is not desirable. This procedure is for surrogate mother a hard trial both at physical and at the psychological level. Therefore it is impossible to forget also about her universal rights. Surrogate mother is not an incubator, not the apparatus for the birth of children for money. This woman ought to be guided, first of all, by the principle of altruism and receive, respectively, medical, psychological and material support.

It is necessary to affirm the rights and obligations of both parts of the procedure of surrogacy at the legislative level. Unfortunately, in the Russian legislation this phenomenon is rather not studied and not regulated (the rights of both parts and a biological essence of procedure are not considered). In Russia only surrogate mother can still give official permission to transfer the child to genetic parents. At the same time her decision is supported by court.

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