X Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2018

In the modern world various beliefs are very developed, because in man, essentially builds the drive to believe in something the supernatural. "Pure" atheists are practically absent, the percentage of their existence is too small. Is there any among us non-believers? If even those atheists believe that there is no God, because to prove that there is no God is impossible, then they too are believers.

At the moment, there are about 10,000 religions, and this number is increasing. Christianity is one of the leading world religion. Christianity is the largest religion in the world in number, it includes about 2.1 billion people, and geographical distribution is almost every country in the world there is at least one Christian community. Clearly, Christianity claims to be a world religion, consider what it includes. Christianity (from the Greek. Χριστός, "the anointed", "Messiah") is a world religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ described in the New Testament. Christianity respects and recognizes the one God, which is also described in the old Testament. Christianity itself is a new level, but at the same time it is a continuation of faith in the old Testament God. The key person of Christianity is certainly the Lord Jesus Christ. Why is Jesus Christ? Jesus Christ is God, essentially the same God as in the old Testament. The divine essence of God is very difficult to understand by a human imperfect mind. One of the symbols of Christian faith is the Trinity of God, regarded as God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit such Trinity is depicted in the form of a triangle, where God the Father is located at the top, and in the lower corners God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. In the Christian creed, Jesus Christ is a key person, because it is through him by means of repentance that a person receives salvation, and eternal life, this is evidenced repeatedly by the Bible.

Among other religions of the world, Christianity holds a leading position, which is confirmed by research. The geography of religions shows the development of world civilization, as well as the spiritual culture of individual countries and peoples. In foreign Europe, Christianity is almost exclusively spread in all three of its forms. Catholicism is most widely represented in the southern, partly Western and Eastern parts of it, Protestantism - in the Northern, Central and Western parts, Orthodoxy - in the East and South-East. In the CIS countries Christianity (Orthodoxy and Catholicism) and Islam became the most widespread.

Recently, in international relations, politics, economy, ideology, culture, countries of the Muslim world are beginning to play an increasing role.

At the moment Christianity is structured in three main directions: Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Protestantism, and Christian churches are divided in these three directions. The divisions took place in consequence of certain situations and events that took place in past century. Following the division of Christianity was due to the fact that Catholicism has departed from the original Christian principles as a result of numerous accretions of theology and rites. It was a kind of reformation supporter of which the first was made by Martin Luther king. His speech against Church policy took place in 1517 - he publicly and fiercely condemned the trade in indulgences, then nailed to the Church door 95 theses stating his position.

According to the doctrine of the Catholic Church, the Catholic (Ecumenical) Church was "proclaimed in preimages from the beginning of the world, foreshadowed in the history of the Israeli people and in the old Testament and founded in recent times. It appeared through the outpouring of the Holy Ghost and will have a glorious ending at the end of the ages." Just as eve was created from the rib of the sleeping Adam, the Church was born from the pierced heart of Christ who died on the Cross. The faith of the Church, according to Catholics, dates back to Apostolic times. The creed of the Catholic Church has a number of doctrinal provisions that distinguish it from the teachings of other Christian confessions.

Orthodoxy (tracing-paper with buckwheat. ὀρθοδοξία - literally, "correct judgment", "correct doctrine" or "right glorification") - modern broad usage means in the direction of Christianity took shape in the East Roman Empire during the first Millennium BC under the leadership and the main role of the chair of the Bishop of Constantinople is New Rome. It includes a set of doctrines and spiritual practices that the Orthodox Church contains. Under the Orthodox Church refers to

In addition, based on Holy Tradition, Orthodoxy recognizes the prayer of the saints mission.

Protestantism, or Protestantism (from lat. protestans, rod. p. protestantis-publicly proving) - one of the three, along with Catholicism and Orthodoxy, the main directions of Christianity, which is a set of independent Churches, Church unions and denominations associated with its origin with the reformation - a broad anti-Catholic movement of the XVI century in Europe.

Protestant Christians believe that the Bible is the only source of Christian teaching, its study and application in their own lives is considered an important task for every believer.

In the modern world, religion plays a significant role, and affects the culture and traditions of States. In accordance with the main religion of the state looms certain traditions of the people. To the same extent, Christianity exerts all kinds of influence on culture and mentality.

People believe that Christianity has a positive impact on the moral state of society, contributes to the progress of culture and the strengthening of the state, and at a later historical stage and forms the ethnic consciousness of the people. The subject of influence of Christianity can be unconditionally the Church and the Bible. In a Christianized state, always take into account the Christian calendar, and most Christian holidays are public.

Bible, biblical images and subjects have dominated painting and sculpture for centuries, thus making a significant contribution to the formation of the cult of the deification of Christ. The best that created the European art buildings, Church architecture was intended to glorify the greatness of God and the Church. Music in the Church, as well as the Church choir in Orthodox and Protestant services, cannot but have their influence on the musical culture of the people. Church music and singing have been closely connected with folk culture, and all created under the influence of the Christian Church, filled with a solemn grandeur, was used for divine worship, and to strengthen the faith.

Biblical aphorisms, images, subjects, brief and capacious concepts for centuries form and life perceptions, assessments, moral concepts of the people, as well as endow it with wisdom. Most of the fundamental laws prescribed in the constitutions of States are taken from this powerful book. Thus, Christianity leaves a huge mark in the culture and traditions of peoples exerting centuries of influence on people through the Church.

Christianity in the modern world plays a leading role in the development of human spirituality, and to be at a sufficiently high hierarchical levels of world religions. We can definitely say that it has been influencing the world for two thousand years, one of the proofs of which may be the chronology of the Nativity of Christ, as well as the presence of many holidays and traditions based on biblical events that are inherent in completely different cultures. Christianity is still the religion of the majority people.

Bibliography:

1.www.wikipediy.com -Free encyclopedia

2.Church split in 1596-causes and consequences: from the history of the Greek Catholic Church /Ed. Efremov Yu. M. - K. B. I., 1992. – 72p .

3. Posnov M. E. the History of the Christian Church (before division of churches - 1054.). - K.: the way to the truth, 1991. – 386p.

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