X Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2018

Ethics is defined as the discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation. Public health ethics deal with the specific moral questions regarding public actions for disease prevention, life elongation, or psychological and physical well-being.

Until recently in the history of healthcare, writing about and reflection on ethical issues in the health professional–patient relationship have focused primarily on the interactions and expectations of two individuals: a professional (traditionally, a physician) and a patient. The relationship usually is between a patient and a wide range of health professionals. Today, several basic ethical values, moral duties and rights, and virtues continue to be relevant to their interaction

The doctor–patient relationship is central to the practice of healthcare and is essential for the delivery of high-quality health care in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The doctor–patient relationship forms one of the foundations of contemporary medical ethicsTrust is one of the central features of patient-physician relationships. Rapid changes in the health care system are feared by many to be threatening patients' trust in their physicians. Yet, despite its acknowledged importance and potential fragility, rigorous efforts to conceptualize and measure patient trust have been relatively few.

Trust is a defining element in any interpersonal relationship, but is particularly central to the patient-physician relationship.

Most universities teach students from the beginning, even before they set foot in hospitals, to maintain a professional rapport with patients, uphold patients' dignity, and respect their privacy.

The nurse–patient relationship is an interaction aimed to enhance the well-being of a "client," which may be an individual, a family, a group, or a community.

The nurses must spend more time, to connect, to interact with their patients as well as to understand their patient’s needs. Competence, compassion, reliability, integrity, and open communication assists nurses to establish a unique perspective regarding the meaning of the patient’s illness, beliefs, and preferences of patients/families. Thus, the patients/families feel that they are being cared for and they feel more motivated to open up to the nurses as well as working together to achieve better outcomes/satisfaction.

Doctor-nurse-patient communication is a major component of the process of health care. Hippocrates suggested that doctors and nurses may influence patients' health. Effective doctor-nurse-patient communication can be a source of motivation, incentive, reassurance, and support. A good relationship can increase job satisfaction and reinforce patients' self-confidence, motivation, and positive view of their health status, which may influence their health outcomes.

Doctors and nurses with better communication and interpersonal skills are able to detect problems earlier, can prevent medical crises and expensive intervention, and provide better support to their patients. This may lead to higher-quality outcomes and better satisfaction, lower costs of care, greater patient understanding of health issues, and better adherence to the treatment process.There is currently a greater expectation of collaborative decision making, with physicians and patients participating as partners to achieve the agreed upon goals and the attainment of quality of life.

Sources

Доника А.Д., Калинченко Е.И.,. Чеканин И.М, Лаптева Е.А. Проблемы формирования профессиональных компетенций специалистов со средним медицинским образованием: монография. - М.: Издательский дом Академии Естествознания, 2015. -78 с.

http://slideplayer.com/slide/11383585/

http://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/professional-patient-relationship-iii-ethical-issues

http://mehr.tums.ac.ir/Upload/Journal/ec70ce14-4eed-4c9a-9902-c2efb6b59673.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor%E2%80%93patient_relationship

https://www.lybrate.com/topic/doctor-patient-relationship/7bcf7c35004474166c982e7c112e732f

https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Final-Report-Patient-Clinician-Communication-Literature-Review-Feb-2013.pdf