Soils with a large reserve of humic acid and humic compounds are able to bind large amounts of heavy metal ions, sometimes several times higher than their MAC(maximum allowable concentrations). The high activity humic acids due to the large range of functional groups such as carboxyl, phenolic, alcoholic, quinone, amine, amide capable of forming electrovalent and covalent compounds [4].
As the object of study taken several objects: gray soil of the surrounding area of Turkestan, heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd), gray-filtered waste. The research of process of advance and absorption to a gray soil various volumes of heavy metal and sorbed qualities local a plant was conducted in the town of «Magzhan» on territories of MKTU of K. A. Yasawi and in laboratories "Environmental Control and Chemical Analysis" of Scientific Research Institute Ecology in MKTU. That is, the research was conducted in field and laboratory conditions. And in the course of the study were used special guidelines, defining the voltammetric equipment by heavy metalla (Ta-Lab), chemicals and other equipment [5]. In the study is mainly used methods of bioremediation and voltammetry.
The results and analysis: Ongoing field experiments were carried out in special boxes. In the box was 13 kg of soil and 2 kg of biohumus were taken. The soil in the box contaminated metals Zn, Pb, Cd in the amount of 2, 5, 10 MACs. The contaminated soil planted lucerne. After the end of the vegetative period, the plants were collected, and dried in a laboratory. Dried plants are processed by a special technique. The results of the analysis are shown in the tables below (Tables 1, 2, 3). These MAC tables given size are taken taking into account for Zn - 23 mg / kg for Pb - 32 mg / kg for Cd - 0,03 mg / kg.
Table – 1. The size of the heavy metal accumulated in lucerne plants.
Heavy metals |
Serozem soil + biohumus |
|||||
Initial level pollution on MAC |
The sorbed amount of lucerne in mg / kg |
Initial level pollution on MAC |
The sorbed amount of lucerne in mg / kg |
Initial level pollution on MAC |
The sorbed amount of lucerne in mg / kg |
|
Zn |
2 |
25 |
5 |
38 |
10 |
39 |
2 |
17 |
5 |
37 |
10 |
49 |
|
Cd |
2 |
0,46 |
5 |
1,1 |
10 |
0,67 |
Conclusion: Based on the results of field and laboratory research can draw the following conclusions:
It was determined that passability index of Zn at 2-5 MAC will be high.
It was determined that the passability of mercury increases as the concentration of metal increases in lucerne.
It is determined that the passability index of Cd to Lucerne is in maximum level as 5 MAC
To conlude, when we added biohumus to gray soil the amount of Pb and Zn increased by 2-10 MAC and taking the sorbing property as a base we can remove soil from Pb and Zn. It was shouwn that the passability index of Cd to Lucerne is in maximum level as 5 MAC. It was proved that an experiment which added biohumus to Cd the translocation rate of Cd decreases.
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Carrington C.D., Mortwill B., Bolger P.M. Fn Intervention Analysis for the Reduction of Exposure to Methyl-mercury from the Consumption of seafood by Woman of Child-Searing Age. Presentation at Workshop on Mercury, Brussels, March 29-30 р.
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