IX Международная студенческая научная конференция Студенческий научный форум - 2017

Now the centralized heat supply of the city is carried out by the uniform heatsupplying LLC Suzdalteplosbyt organization from three boiler rooms.

The central boiler room on Promyshlennaya St. of 6 is equipped with three DKVR-20-13 boilers, the common efficiency of a boiler room makes 33,6 Gcal/h, the associated loading of housing and public utilities - 13,12 Gcal/h, respectively a boiler room power reserve - 20,48 Gcal/h.

The forest boiler room on Lesnaya St. of 2 is equipped with four Vitoplex100 boilers, the common efficiency of a boiler room makes 8,0 Gcal/h, the associated loading of housing and public utilities - 7,01 Gcal/h, respectively a boiler room power reserve - 0,99 Gcal/h.

The boiler room on Kolkhoznaya St. of 1 is equipped with two Ellpress870 boilers, the common efficiency of a boiler room makes 1,3 Gcal/h, the associated loading of housing and public utilities - 1,13 Gcal/h, respectively a boiler room power reserve - 0,17 Gcal/h.

All three boiler rooms work according to the calculated schedule of annealing of heat 950-700C. Deficiency of power in the presents time is absent.

Heat transport from boiler rooms to consumers is carried out on two-pipe water thermal networks from the Central boiler room and a boiler room on Lesnaya St. and four-pipe from a boiler room on Kolkhoznaya St. A way of laying of thermal networks - in underground chanceless channels.

Concerning reliability of the main components of CHS it is possible to draw the following conclusions:

a) On heatsources. The central boiler room - the largest source of heat supply of the city (covers about 62% of thermal loading of the city), practically exhausted the value of work as a steam boiler room and its reconstruction is necessary for ensuring non-failure operation of work.

The scheme of heat supply of 2006 (Giprokommunenergo institute) provided transfer of this boiler room to a water-heating duty that would prolong calculated endurance of the capital equipment for 10 years (according to data of manufacturer of coppers of DKVR-20-13) and significantly cut working costs on a boiler room.

However, for various reasons, this work was not it is executed and now there are no bases to consider this heatsource to the meeting requirements of no-failure operation.

Boiler room on Lesnaya St. (33% of thermal loading of the city), the second-large heatsource - the new water-heating boiler room meeting the requirements of reliability and no-failure operation.

The boiler room on Kolkhoznaya St. - the small heatsource which is almost not exerting noticeable impact on reliability of CHS of the city in general is supported in working order, rescue and recovery operations are performed as required.

As a result from the characteristic of the above-stated links of CHS of the city it is possible to draw a conclusion that in general reliability of system of heat supply not fully conforms to requirements of chapter 5 of the Federal law 190 of 27.07.2010. "About heat supply".

b) Thermal networks. After construction of a water-heating boiler room on st. The forest steam Central boiler room ceased to be almost single source of CHS of the city.

After commissioning of a boiler room on Lesnaya St. the site of thermal networks from a boiler room (from K-25 to K-34) Du300 of mm on which heat supply of the part of the city switched to a boiler room on Lesnaya St. was carried out was kept for its use as reservation of thermal networks of interfacing areas, as it was provided by the previous scheme of heat supply. This reservation increased reliability of giving of heat in the emergency operation to the level of requirements of existing rules.

c) Consumers of heat. Reliability of systems of heating of consumers of heat is defined by their readiness for correct work during all heating period. A condition of pipelines and heating devices of consumers have to provide maintaining of calculated temperatures of internal air in the heated rooms. Calculated hydraulic resistance of heating systems should not exceed 1,5 of millimeters of a water column, what is provided with their regular washing and adjustment of a hydraulic control.

However, the majority of heating systems is in an unsatisfactory state regarding raised (against calculated) hydraulic resistance. Because of pollution of internal surfaces of pipes and heating devices. This circumstance results in need of maintaining of the raised located pressures for thermal networks on inputs to consumers and, finally, to the raised costs of heat carrier transport.

In the city there is a consumer of heat of the first category – hospital which has no reserve heatsource that does not conform to requirements of reliability of heat supply of this consumer.

According to the Federal law from 07.12.2011 of 416-FZ "About water supply and water disposal" and additions to the Federal law of 27.07.2010 with 190-FZ "About heat supply", since January 1, 2013 connection of capital construction projects of consumers to the centralized open systems of heat supply (hot water supply) for needs of the hot water supply which is carried out by selection of the heat carrier is not allowed, and by January 1, 2022 all consumers of the CHS hot water have to be transferred to the closed system of heat supply.

Proceeding from it, preservation of the operating system of the centralized heat supply (CHS) of the city for the calculated term of 2021 and more remote prospect to 2030 g on the basis of the specified boiler rooms with realization of necessary works on reconstruction of this system for connection of new consumers and ensuring reliability and quality of heat supply is offered.

Prospects of development of the Central boiler room. This boiler room has practically no consumers of steam (except for a laundry with small consumption of steam which can install characteristic steam generator or in general do without steam).

Transfer of a boiler room to the water-heating mode was provided by the scheme of heat supply of 2006. In the water-heating mode the guaranteed endurance of coppers of DKVR-20-13 makes 10 years that corresponds to the calculated term of this scheme of heat supply.

Proceeding from specified, there are no bases for construction of a new heatsource instead of this boiler room. Connection of new consumers will require construction of new thermal networks to them and, in this regard, increase in a channel capacity of operating thermal networks.

For increase in reliability and profitability of work, extension of endurance of the capital equipment, this scheme provides the translation of the Central boiler room from a steam duty in water-heating with calculated water temperature 115 degrees.

According to manufacturer endurance of the DKVR-20-13 boilers transferred to a water-heating duty makes not less than 10 years (on condition of keeping of the normative mode of operation).

Around action of boiler rooms down the street Forest and Collective-farm construction of perspective consumers of heat a master plan of building of the city is provided. Increase in power of a boiler room at prospect is not required.

Implementation of the above-stated recommendations increases reliability and quality of heat supply.

Use of an operating crossing point with a diameter of pipes of 300 mm between thermal networks from the Central boiler room and thermal networks from a boiler room on Lesnaya St. allows to carry out if necessary transfer of heat from one thermal area in another, i.e. in contingency situations not to stop heat supply of consumers.

Reliability of work of systems of heating of consumers entirely depends on technical condition of these systems.

First of all it is necessary to execute hydropneumatic washing (prime washing will not yield the necessary result) all heating systems with reduction of their hydraulic resistance to estimated values (as a rule 1,0÷1,5 of millimeters of a water column).

Then to execute adjustment of system and, in case of need, to make replacement of pipes on problem sites.

All pipes passing through not heated rooms have to have thermal insulation.

Reliability and quality of work of system of the centralized heat supply in many respects depends on qualification of the heatsupplying organizations.

References:

1. Federal Law №190 - FL «On heat supply».

2. Teplonanosnye installation for heating and hot water supply Heinrich G., Nayork H., Nestler VM .: Stroyizdat, 1985.

3. SNIP 41-01-2003. Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning.

4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_heating

5. https://ria.ru/society/20100316/214683088.html

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